and [by] the witness and the witnessed,He said:It has been said that the witness (shāhid) is the angel, just as He has also said, [and every soul will be accompanied by] a driver and a witness [50:21]. That which is borne witness to (mashhūd) is the Day of Resurrection, ⸢for that is a day that is [indeed] witnessed (wa dhālika yawmun mashhūdun).⸣ Ibn ʿAbbās y said, ‘The witness is Muḥammad , and that which is witnessed is the Qurʾān.’ It has also been said that that which is witnessed is mankind. Sahl said:The witness is the spiritual self (nafs al-rūḥ) and that which is witnessed is the natural self (nafs al-tabʿ), for the natural self, along with the understanding of the intellect (fahm al-ʿaql) and the discernment of the heart (fiṭnat al-qalb), will each have their witness, while God is the ever-present Witness (al-Shahīd) over everything.His words, Mighty and Majestic is He:
, and that which is witnessed is the Qurʾān.’ It has also been said that that which is witnessed is mankind. Sahl said:The witness is the spiritual self (nafs al-rūḥ) and that which is witnessed is the natural self (nafs al-tabʿ), for the natural self, along with the understanding of the intellect (fahm al-ʿaql) and the discernment of the heart (fiṭnat al-qalb), will each have their witness, while God is the ever-present Witness (al-Shahīd) over everything.His words, Mighty and Majestic is He: