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* تفسير Tafsir al-Tustari

{ هُوَ ٱلأَوَّلُ وَٱلآخِرُ وَٱلظَّاهِرُ وَٱلْبَاطِنُ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ }

He is the First and the Last…He said:The greatest name of God is alluded to in six verses at the beginning of Sūrat al-Ḥadīd startingfrom the verse: He is the First and the Last, the Manifest and the Hidden. The significance (maʿnā) of the names (asmāʾ) is none other than gnosis (maʿrifa) of the One who is named (musammā), and the significance of worship (ʿibāda) is none other than gnosis of the One who is worshipped (maʿbūd). The meaning of the Manifest (al-Ẓāhir) is the One who is manifestin His exaltedness (ʿuluww), omnipotence (qudra) and coerciveness (qahr). The Hidden (al-Bāṭin) is the One who knows the hidden thoughts (ḍamāʾir) and stirrings (ḥarakāt) that are concealed within hearts.His words, Exalted is He:

Tafsīr al-Tustarī, trans. Annabel Keeler and Ali Keeler
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